Author: ramnath

DSP & DIP Based ME/M.Tech Projects

Sno

Projects List

IEEE
1. Blind Image Quality Assessment: A Natural Scene Statistics Approach in the DCT Domain

2012
2. Rotation-Invariant Image and Video Description With Local Binary Pattern Features

2012
3. Robust Reversible Watermarking via Clustering and Enhanced Pixel-Wise Masking

2012
4. Power-Constrained Contrast Enhancement for Emissive Displays Based on Histogram Equalization

2012
5. Patch-Based Near-Optimal Image De-noising

2012
6. Discriminative Feature Fusion for Image Classification

2012
7. Novel Algorithm for View and Illumination Invariant Image Matching

2012
8. A Novel Data Embedding Method Using Adaptive Pixel Pair Matching

2012
9. Edge Strength Filter Based Color Filter Array Interpolation

2012
10. Facial Expression Recognition in Perceptual Color Space

2012
11. Higher Degree Total Variation (HDTV) Regularization for Image Recovery

2012
12. Image Local Invariant Features Matching Using Global Information

2012
13. Rotation-invariant image and video description with Local Binary Pattern Features

2012
14. Super resolution image reconstruction through Bregman iteration using morphologic Regularization

2012
15. Multi-user Access Interference Suppression for UWB System

2012
16. Pilot-Symbol Assisted Power Delay Profile Estimation for MIMO-OFDM Systems

2012
17. Authentication and scrambling of radio frequency signals using Reversible watermarking

2012
18. Wavelet-Based SC-FDMA System

2011
19. A Generalized Un sharp Masking Algorithm

2011
20. Asynchronous Classification of Digital Amplitude-Phase Modulated Signals in Flat-Fading Channels

2011
21. Implementation of Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Steganography on Audio Data

2011
22. A high capacity CDMA watermarking Scheme based on orthogonal PN sequence projection

2011
23. Color Extended Visual Cryptography Using Error Diffusion

2011
24. Digital Video Watermarking using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Principal Component Analysis

2011
25. Performance Assessment of DFT-OFDM and DWT-OFDM Systems in the Presence of the HPA Nonlinearity

2011
26. Efficient SNR Estimation in OFDM System

2011
27. Energy-Efficient Transmission of DWT Image over OFDM fading Channel

2011
28. Fast Sparse Image Reconstruction Using Adaptive Nonlinear Filtering

2011
29. A Two-Level FH-CDMA Scheme for Wireless Communication Systems over Fading Channels

2011
30. IMAGE Resolution Enhancement by Using Discrete and Stationary Wavelet Decomposition

2011
31. Interference Cancellation and Detection for More than Two Users

2011
32. Lightweight Detection of Additive Watermarking in the DWT-Domain

2011
33. Multi temporal Image Change Detection Using Un decimated Discrete Wavelet Transform and Active Contours

2011
34. Adaptive Overlap-and-Add Technique in MB-OFDM based UWB Receiver Design

2011
35. Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction of OFDM Signals Using PTS Scheme With Low Computational Complexity

2011
36. Quality Assessment of De-blocked Images

2011
37. Stationary and Non-Stationary noise removal from Cardiac Signals using a Constrained Stability Least Mean Square Algorithm

2011
38. A New Histogram Modification Based Reversible Data Hiding Algorithm Considering the Human Visual System

2011
39. Combined Invariants to Similarity Transformation and to Blur Using Orthogonal Zernike Moments

2011
40. Transmitting UWB-OFDM using 16-QAM over Hybrid Flat Fading Channels

2011
41. Baseband Noise Suppression in OFDM Systems

2011
42. Generic Lossless Visible Watermarking—A New Approach

2010
43. Performance comparison of different multi-resolution transforms for image fusion

2010
44. Blind and Semi-Blind De blurring of Natural Images

2010
45. Image Classification by K-means Clustering

2010
46. PAPR Analysis of DHT-Pre coded OFDM System for M-QAM

2010
47. Analysis of BER Performance in Presence of Nonlinear Distortion Due to PD-HPA in Downlink DS-CDMA Signals

2010
48. Blurred Image Recognition by Legendre Moment Invariants

2010
49. A New Image Fusion Algorithm Based on wavelet Transform and the Second Generation Curvelet Transform

2010
50. Block-based Feature-level Multi-focus Image Fusion

2010

Cortex Based ME/M.Tech projects

 

Cortex-M3
1. Design of Integrated Mine Safety Monitor System

2012
2. A Wireless Surveillance and Safety System for Mine Workers based on Zigbee

2012
3. Design of Monitoring and Management System of Tourist Attractions Based on

2012
4. A Parking Guidance And Information System Based On Wireless Sensor Network

2011
5. Digital Control For Home Lighting Systems With ZIGBEE Communication

2011
6. A Street Lighting Control System Based On Holonic Structures And Traffic System

2011
7. Design Of A GSM/GPRS-Based Mobile Patient-Care System

2011
8. The Design And Implementation Of  ID Authentication System Based On Fingerprint Identification

2011
9. The Design Of The Scene Of The Accident Alarm System Based On Arm And GPS

2011
10. Research On Alarm System Of Railway Crossing Based On GPS And GSM/GPRS

2011
11. Design Of Auto-Guard System Based On RFID And Network

2011
 

 

Arm Based ME/M.Tech projects

ARM 9
1. Design of remote intelligent home system based on ZigBee and GPRS technology

2012
2. The design of remote video monitoring system based on S3C2416 and GPRS

2012
3. RTOS – RT Linux Porting On S3Cmini2440 ARM9 Board

2012
4. An Application of Wireless Standards for Remote Monitoring of Electric Drive Systems

2012
5. Intelligent Cars using RFID Technology

2012
6. Remote Control of Electrical Appliances Using GSM Networks

2012
7. Design of Data Acquisition System Implemented with a Free Cooling Unit (FCU) Controller For a BTS Room

2012
8. The Wireless Remote Control Car System Based on ARM9

2011
9. The Design and Realization of ZigBee—Wi-Fi  Wireless Gateway

2011
10. Design and Development of Embedded Intelligent Public Transport Vehicular Terminal Using GPRS.

2010
11. Design of arm based power meter having wifi wireless communication module

2009

ARM 7 IEEE
1. Digitally Greenhouse Monitoring and Controlling of System   based on Embedded System

2012
2. Wearable Wireless Sensor Network for human limbs motion

2012
3. Recognition Technique for ATM based on IRIS Technology

2012
4. Microcontroller Based Anti-theft Security System Using GSM Networks with Text Message as Feedback

2012
5. APPLICATIONS OF MEMS IN ROBOTICS USING PSOC

2012
6. Intelligent Cars using RFID Technology

2012
7. Service Robot Application for Examination and Maintaining of Water Supply, Gas and Sewage Systems

2012
8. A Secured Approach for Authentication System using Fingerprint and Iris

2012
9. Implementation of logistics management system based on wireless technologies

2012
10. Vehicle Accident Automatic Detection and Remote Alarm Device

2012
11. Embedded Patient Monitoring System

2012
12. AN AUTOMATED TSUNAMI ALERT SYSTEM

2012
13. REAL TIME MONITORING AND CONTROL OF WIRELESS NETWORKS

2012
14. Development of Low-Cost Private Office Access Control System(OACS)

2012

Why Need VLSI Programming?

With the design & manufacturing market (both domestic & international) expanding rapidly, there is an enhanced demand of trained professionals who will boost the technical work force in the VLSI domain. There is a rising demand for chip driven products in consumer electronics, medical electronics, communication, aero-space, computers etc. More and more chip designing companies have set up their units in India eyeing on the Indian talents; besides many of the Indian Major IT companies have forayed in Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) design in a big way.

Scope of VLSI

  • Design and Partitioning
  • High performance computing and communication systems
  • Neutral Networks
  • Wafer-scale Integration
  • Multi-module Systems
  • Microelectronic systems
  • Research & Development

We generally use diffrent language VLSI design

  • VHDL
  • VERILOG
  • MICROWIND

What is VLSI?

VLSI (Very-large-scale integration) is a process that means to create integrated circuits by combining thousands of transistor-based circuits into a single chip. VLSI began in the 1970s when complex semiconductor and communication technologies were being developed. The microprocessor is a VLSI device. Nearly all modern chips employ VLSI architectures.

The first semiconductor chips held two transistors each. Subsequent advances added more and more transistors, and, as a consequence, more individual functions or systems were integrated over time. Current technology has moved far past this mark and today’s microprocessors have many millions of gates and billions of individual transistors.

This is the field which involves packing more and more logic devices into smaller and smaller areas.Thanks to the FPGA Board and its VLSI, circuits that would have taken boardfuls of space can now be put into a small space few millimeters across! This has opened up a big opportunity to do things that were not possible before. VLSI circuits are everywhere … your computer, your car, your brand new state-of-the-art digital camera, the cell-phones, and what have you. All this involves a lot of expertise on many fronts within the same field, which we will look at in later sections.

THE VLSI DESIGN PROCESS

A typical digital design flow is as follows:

Specification
Architecture
RTL Coding
RTL Verification
Synthesis
Backend
Tape Out to Foundry to get end product….a wafer with repeated number of identical Ics.

A typical analog design flow is as follows:

In case of analog design, the flow changes somewhat.
Specifications
Architecture
Circuit Design
SPICE Simulation
Layout
Parametric Extraction / Back Annotation
Final Design
Tape Out to foundry.

MOST OF TODAY’S VLSI DESIGNS ARE CLASSIFIED INTO THREE CATEGORIES:

 

vlsi
i

1. Analog: 
Small transistor count precision circuits such as Amplifiers, Data converters, filters, Phase Locked Loops, Sensors etc.

2. ASICS or Application Specific Integrated Circuits: 
Progress in the fabrication of IC’s has enabled us to create fast and powerful circuits in smaller and smaller devices. This also means that we can pack a lot more of functionality into the same area. The biggest application of this ability is found in the design of ASIC’s. These are IC’s that are created for specific purposes – each device is created to do a particular job, and do it well. The most common application area for this is DSP – signal filters, image compression, etc. To go to extremes, consider the fact that the digital wristwatch normally consists of a single IC doing all the time-keeping jobs as well as extra features like games, calendar, etc.

3. SoC or Systems on a chip: 
These are highly complex mixed signal circuits (digital and analog all on the same chip). A network processor chip or a wireless radio chip is an example of an SoC.

Why Use Embedded System?

Embedded Systems has witnessed tremendous growth in the last one decade.

Software for embedded applications, which includes real-time operating systems and portable operating systems, will see the second highest growth. Market heavyweights Microsoft and Sun have entered the embedded systems marketplace, their Windows CE and Java offerings, respectively. Embedded processors, the largest segment in terms of revenue, will grow at 11.2% on average per year.

The market will be led, in terms of growth, by embedded memory products. Almost all the fast developing sectors like automobile, aeronautics, space, rail, mobile communications, and electronic payment solutions have witnessed increased use of embedded technologies. Greater value to mobility is one of the prominent reasons for the rise and development of embedded technologies.

Embedded Systems research and development is now concerned with a very large proportion of the advanced products designed in the world. In one way, embedded technologies run global transport industry that includes avionics, space, automotive, and trains. But also in the electrical and electronic appliances like cameras, toys, televisions, home appliances, audio systems, and cellular phones that really are the visual interface of Embedded Systems for the common consumer.

Scope of Embedded System

  • Telecommunications.
  • Defense instruments
  • Railroad Networks
  • Consumer Electronics
  • Electronic Payments
  • Smart Cards Industry.

What is Embedded System?

  • An Embedded System is a computer system designed for specific control functions within a larger system. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts. Embedded systems control many devices in common use today, namely Mobile Phones, Automobiles, Air-crafts, Computers, etc.
  • In simple words: An Embedded System is a combination of hardware and software whose purpose is to control a device, a process or a larger system.
  • Embedded Systems are the Micro-controller/processor based electronics systems which are designed for specific task.
  • Ex:- Automatic Washing Machines, ATM, Electronic voting machine, Traffic light system, Telecom, Medical etc.
  • “Every Device which is intelligent is because the role of Embedded Technology”

embedded

What is VHDL (vhsic hdl).

VHDL is a hardware description language used in electronic design automation to describe digital and mixed-signal systems such as field-programmable gate arrays and integrated circuits. VHDL can also be used as a general purpose parallel programming language.

Here V stands for ‘ very high speed integrated circuit & HDL stands for ‘ hardware descriptive language’. Since it is hardware descriptive language we can’t say it as a software.
History
VHDL was originally developed for the U.S Department of Defense in order to document the behavior of the ASICs (Application specific ICs) that supplier companies were including in equipment.
The initial version of VHDL, designed to IEEE standard 1076-1987, included a wide range of data types, including numerical (integer and real), logical (bit and Boolean), character and time, plus arrays of bit called bit_vector and of character called string.
A problem not solved by this edition, however, was “multi-valued logic”, where a signal’s drive strength (none, weak or strong) and unknown values are also considered. This required IEEE standard 1164, which defined the 9-value logic types: scalar std_logic and its vector version std_logic_vector.
The updated IEEE 1076, in 1993, made the syntax more consistent, allowed more flexibility in naming, extended the character type to allow ISO-8859-1 printable characters, added the XNOR operator, etc.[specify]
Minor changes in the standard (2000 and 2002) added the idea of protected types (similar to the concept of class in C++) and removed some restrictions from port mapping rules.
In addition to IEEE standard 1164, several child standards were introduced to extend functionality of the language. IEEE standard 1076.2 added better handling of real and complex data types. IEEE standard 1076.3 introduced signed and unsigned types to facilitate arithmetical operations on vectors. IEEE standard 1076.1 (known as VHDL-AMS) provided analog and mixed-signal circuit design extensions.
In June 2006, the VHDL Technical Committee of Accellera (delegated by IEEE to work on the next update of the standard) approved so called Draft 3.0 of VHDL-2006. While maintaining full compatibility with older versions, this proposed standard provides numerous extensions that make writing and managing VHDL code easier. Key changes include incorporation of child standards (1164, 1076.2, 1076.3) into the main 1076 standard, an extended set of operators, more flexible syntax of case and generate statements, incorporation of VHPI (interface to C/C++ languages) and a subset of PSL (Property Specification Language). These changes should improve quality of synthesizable VHDL code, make test benches more flexible, and allow wider use of VHDL for system-level descriptions.
In February 2008, Accellera approved VHDL 4.0 also informally known as VHDL 2008, which addressed more than 90 issues discovered during the trial period for version 3.0 and includes enhanced generic types. In 2008, Accellera released VHDL 4.0 to the IEEE for balloting for inclusion in IEEE 1076-2008. The VHDL standard IEEE 1076-2008 was published in January 2009.

How to Creating and Displaying a Graphical User Interface in MATLAB?

Creating and Displaying a Graphical User Interface:–

MATLAB GUIs are created using a tool called guide, the GUI Development Environment. This tool allows a programmer to layout the GUI, selecting and aligning the GUI components to be placed in it. Once the components are in place, the programmer can edit their properties: name, color, size, font, text to display, and so forth. When guide saves the GUI, it creates a working program including skeleton functions that the programmer can modify to implement the behavior of the GUI. When a guide is executed, it creates the Layout Editor, shown in Figure 1.2. The large white area with grid lines is the layout area, where a programmer can layout the GUI. The Layout Editor window has a palate of GUI components along the left side of the layout area. A user can create any number of GUI components by first clicking on the desired component, and then dragging its outline in the layout area. The top of the window has a toolbar with a series of useful tools that allow the user to distribute and align GUI components, modify

the properties of GUI components, add menus to GUIs, and so on. The basic steps

required to create a MATLAB GUI are:

1. Decide what elements are required for the GUI and what the function of each element will be. Make a rough layout of the components by hand on a piece of paper.

GUI  WINDOW:–

 

 

As an example of these steps, let’s consider a simple GUI that contains a single

pushbutton and a single text string. Each time that the pushbutton is clicked, the text string will be updated to show the total number of clicks since the GUI started.

Figure 1.2

 

 

 

 

Graphical User Interface Components

 

 

This section summarizes the basic characteristics of common graphical user interface components. It describes how to create and use each component, as well as the types of events each component can generate. The components discussed in this section are:-

 

 

  • • Text Fields

 

  • • Edit Boxes

 

  • • Frames

 

  • • Pushbuttons

 

  • • Toggle Buttons

 

  • • Checkboxes

 

  • • Radio Buttons

 

  • • Popup Menus

 

  • • List Boxes

 

  • • Slide

 

 

 

 

 

The process of GUI require following steps:-

  • Initializing GUIDE (GUI Creator)
  • Creating the Visual Aspect of the GUI
  • Writing the Code for the GUI Callbacks
  • Launching the GUI

 

Initializing GUI (guide creator):-

First, open up MATLAB. Go to the command window and type in a guide.

 

You should see the following screen appear. Choose the first option

Blank GUI (Default):-

 

 

 

GUI window appears:-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Creating a visual effect in GUI:-

 

Add in all these components to the GUI by clicking on the icon and placing it onto the grid. At this point, your GUI should look similar to the figure below:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Writing the code for the GUI call back:-

MATLAB automatically generates a .m file to go along with the figure that you just put together. The .m file is where we attach the appropriate code to the callback of each component. For the purposes of this tutorial, we are primarily concerned only with the callback functions. You don’t have to worry about any of the other function types.

Open up the .m file that was automatically generated when you saved your GUI. In the MATLAB editor, click on the icon, which will bring up a list of the functions within the .m file. Select CALLBACK FOR EACH.

 

Launching the GUI:-

The first way is through the GUIDE editor. Simply press the icon on the GUIDE editor.

 

 

How to Work on Graphical User Interface (GUI) in MATLAB?

A graphical user interface provides the user with a familiar environment in which to work. This environment contains pushbuttons, toggle buttons, lists, menus, text boxes, and so forth, all of which are already familiar to the user so that he or she can concentrate on using the application rather than on the mechanics involved in doing things. However, GUIs are harder for the programmer because a GUI-based program must be prepared for mouse clicks (or possibly keyboard input) for any GUI element at any time. Such inputs are known as events, and a program that responds to events is said to be event driven. The three principal elements required to create a MATLAB Graphical User Interface are

 

1.Components. Each item on a MATLAB GUI (pushbuttons, labels, edit boxes, etc.) is a graphical component. The types of components include graphical controls (pushbuttons, edit boxes, lists, sliders, etc.), static elements (frames and text strings), menus, and axes. Graphical controls and static elements are created by the function UI control, and menus are created by the functions UI menu and UI context menu. Axes, which are used to display graphical data, are created by the function axes.

2. Figures. The components of a GUI must be arranged within a figure, which is a window on the computer screen. In the past, figures have been created automatically whenever we have plotted data. However, empty figures can be created with the function figure and can be used to hold any combination of components.

3. Callbacks. Finally, there must be some way to perform an action if a user clicks a mouse on a button or types information on a keyboard. A mouse click or a keypress is an event, and the MATLAB program must respond to each event if the program is to perform its function. For example, if a user clicks on a button, that event must cause the MATLAB code that implements the function of the button to be executed. The code executed in response to an event is known as a callback. There must be a callback to implement the function of each graphical component on the GUI. The basic GUI elements are summarized in Table 1.1, and sample elements are shown in Figure 1.1. We will be studying examples of these elements and then build working GUIs from them.